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Din Eğitiminde Neo-Hümanist Bir İdeal: Bildung Modeli ve Almanya’da Din Eğitimi Anlayışına Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 323 - 355, 31.12.2019

Ramazan Gürel

https://doi.org/10.33420/marife.541465

Abstract

Ülkelerin din eğitimine yönelik bakış açıları ve politikalarının belirlenmesinde, çağdaş gelişmelere uyum sağlayabilme çabaları yanında sahip oldukları geleneksel bilgi birikimi, kültürel değerler, eğitimle ilgili tartışmaların tarihi arka planı gibi belirleyici birtakım unsurların etkisi yadsınamaz. Tarihin farklı dönemlerinde olduğu gibi günümüzde de Almanya, eğitim ve din eğitimi konusunda tartışmaların güncelliğini koruduğu en önemli ülkelerden birisidir. Alman eğitim felsefesi ve anlayışının karakteristik özelliklerinin ana hatları, Bildung adı verilen Hristiyan teolojisi ve hümanist anlayışı temsil eden bir ideal ışığında belirlenmiştir. Özellikle Romantizm felsefesinin ortaya koyduğu bir kavram olan Bildung, günümüz Almanya’sında eğitime dair bütün uygulamaların yanında din eğitimi düşüncesinin şekillenmesinden müfredatının tespitine kadar geniş çaplı bir etki yaratmıştır. Ortaçağ’da hâkim olan kilisenin insanın eğitimi ile ilgili baskıcı ve dogmatik düşünce yapısının dışına çıkmayı öngören Bildung ideali, bireyin bütün potansiyellerini harekete geçirmeyi vadeden bir yaklaşımı temsil etmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında öncelikle Bildung kelimesinin kavramsal çerçevesi üzerinde durulacak, ardından Bildung kavramının bir eğitim idealine nasıl dönüştüğü, bu sürece hangi isimlerin katkı yaptığı kronolojik olarak sunulacaktır. Makalenin ağırlıklı olarak üzerinde duracağı konu ise Bildung kavramının Almanya’da din eğitimine etkileri olacaktır. Literatür incelemesi yöntemine dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma sonucunda, Bildung idealinin Alman din eğitimi anlayışının inşasında Hristiyan teolojisi ve hümanist düşüncenin yansımaları açısından merkezi bir konumda bulunduğu gerçeği ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.

Keywords

Din Eğitimi Bildung Almanya Hümanizm Kilise

References

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  • Asutay, Hikmet. “Oluşum Romanı Geleneği ile Günümüzdeki İzleri Üzerine”. Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken /Journal of World of Turks- 4/2 (2012): 27-36.
  • Bahçekapılı, Mehmet. “Din Eğitiminde Pedagojik Yaklaşımlar; “Din Hakkında Öğrenme” ve “Dinden Öğrenme”. Islamic University of Europa Journal of Islamic Research - İslam Araştırmaları 4/2 (2011): 101-120.
  • Basics of Religious Education. Ed. Martin Rothgangel, Thomas Schlag and Friedrich Schweitzer. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014.
  • Başkurt, İrfan. “Almanya’da Din Eğitimi”. Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Çalışma Toplantısı. İstanbul: DEM Yayınları, 2004.
  • Beutner, Mark - Pechuel, Rasmus. “Education and Educational Policy in Germany, A Focus on Core Developments Since 1944”. Italian Journal of Sociology of Education 9/2 (Haziran 2017): 9-24.
  • Bloomquist, Karen L. - Sinaga, Martin L. “Theological Education in Lutheran Churches”. Handbook of Theological Education in World Christanity: Theological Perspectives – Regional Surveys – Ecumenical Trends. Ed. D. Werner, D. Esterline, N. Kang & J. Raja. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2010.
  • Bolay, Süleyman Hayri - Türköne, Mümtazer. Din Eğitimi Raporu. Ankara: y.y. 1995.
  • Bröckling, Ulrich. “Gendering the Enterprising Self. Subjectification Programs and Gender Differences in Guides to Success”. Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory 6/2 (2005): 7-25.
  • Cevizci, Ahmet. Eğitim Sözlüğü. Ankara: Say Yayınları, 2010.
  • Cevizci, Ahmet. Paradigma Felsefe Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayıncılık, 2010.
  • Commission. “Bildung in a Lifeolng Learning Perpspective”. Report of the Seminar of the European Network of Education Councils, Budapest: 2011.
  • Coşkun, Hasan. Kültürlerarası Eğitim -Türkiye ve Almanya Örneği-. Ankara: Ofset Fotomat, 2016.
  • Danner, Helmut. “Bildung a Basic Term of German Education”. Educational Sciences. Cairo: 1994.
  • https://www.deutschland.de/tr/node/5197. (Erişim tarihi: 21.19.2019).
  • Doğan, Recai. “Avrupa Birliği Sürecinde Dinî Kurumlar ve Din Eğitimi: Almanya Modeli”. AÜİFD 49/2 (2008): 1-43.
  • http://europa.eu/constitution/en/ptoc1_en.htm.
  • Fuhr, Thomas. “Bildung”. Transformative Learning Meets Bildung: Introduction. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2017.
  • Fuhr, Thomas - Laros, Anna. - Edward W. Taylor. “Introduction, Why Compare Bildung and Transformative Learning?”. Transformative Learning Meets Bildung. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2017.
  • Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. London: Continuum Publishing Group, 2004.
  • Gottfried, Adam - Rainer, Lachmann, “Reasons for Religious Education in Public Schools”. Basics of Religious Education. Ed. Martin Rothgangel - Thomas Schlag - Friedrich Schweitzer, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck - Ruprecht, 2014.
  • Grueter, Verena - Trott, Maureen. “International Partnership and Theological Education in the Assocation of Protestant Churches and Missions in Germany (EMW)”. Handbook of Theological Education in World Christianity, Theological Perspectives – Regional Surveys – Ecumenical Trends. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2010.
  • Heidth, Irene. “Exploring the Historical Dimensions of Bildung and Its Metamorphosis in the Context of Globalization”. L2 Journal 7/4 (2015): 2-16.
  • Hermans, Chiris. “Good Education, the Good Teacher, and a Practical Art of Living a Good Life: a Catholic Perspective”. Journal of Beliefs & Values Studies in Religion Education 38/1 (Şubat 2017): 77-88.
  • Horlacher, Rebekka. “Bildung – a Construction of a History of Philosophy of Education”. Studies in Philosophy and Education 23 (2004): 409-426.
  • M. Hull, John. “Çoğulcu Avrupa’da Pratik Teoloji ve Din Eğitimi”. Trc. Cemil Oruç, Dinbilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi 12/3 (2012): 224-242.
  • Humboldt, Wilhelm Won. Theory of Bildung. Trc. Gillian Horton-Kruger. Darmstadt: 1969.
  • Korczynski, Bronek. “A Spirituality of Catholic Education –Seeing Differently”. Education Latters of Queen’s University. Canada: 2016.
  • Köylü, Mustafa. “Batı Ülkelerinde Din Eğitimi: Genel Bir Bakış, MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6/4 (2017): 223-245.
  • Kwiek, Marek. “The Classical German Idea of the University Revisited or on the Nationalization of the Modern Institution”. CPP Research Papers Series, 1. Poznan: 2006.
  • Liedman, Sven-Eric. “In search of Isis: General education in Germany and Sweden”. In The European and American University Since 1800: Historical and Sociological Essays. Eds. Sheldon Rothblatt and Björn Wittrock. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • Lohmar, Brigitte - Eckhardt, Thomas. The Education System in the Federal Republic of Germany 2012/2013. Bonn: KMK, 2014.
  • Medeni, Elif. “Din Eğitiminde Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Yeterlilik Modelleri ve Eğitim Standartları -Almanya ve Avusturya Örneğinin Türkiye’ye Uyarlanabilirliği-”. Marife 13/2 (2013): 9-22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3344430.
  • Nipkow, Karl Ernst. “Foundational Questions in the Pedagogy of Religion”. Societal Challenges and Theoretical Notions 1 (1975): 173-177.
  • Nordenbo, Sven Erik. “Bildung and the Thinking of Bildung”. Educating Humanity: Bildung in Postmodernity. Der. Lars Lovlie, Klaus Peter Mortensen, ve Sven Erik Nordenbo. Cornwall: Blackwell, 2003.
  • Oelkers, Jürgen. “The German Concept of Bildung Then and Now”. European College of Liberal Arts. 1-21. Berlin: 2011.
  • Okumuşlar, Muhiddin. “Çok Kültürlü Toplumlarda “Din Hakkında Öğrenme” ve “Dinden Öğrenme” Modeli”. Marife 7/2 (2007): 251-264. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3343851.
  • Önsöz, Z. Salih. “Hristiyan-Alman Okullarında Müslüman Türk Çocuklarının Din Eğitimi ve Öğretimi”. Diyanet Dergisi 19/18 (Ocak-Şubat-Mart 1983): 50-53.
  • Östling, Johan. Humdoldt and the Modern German Universty -An Intellectual History-. Trc. Lena Olsson. Sweden: Lund University Press, 2018.
  • Pikkarainen, Eetu. “Signs of Reality: The Idea of General Bildung by J. A. Comenius”. Theories of Bildung and Growth. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2012.
  • Sarkar, Prabhat Ranjan. The Liberation of Intellect: Neohumanism. Kolkata: Ananda Marga Publications, 1982.
  • SCCE (Sacred Congregation for Catholic Education). Education Together in Catholic Schools: A Shared Mission between Consecrated Persons and the Lay Faithful. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccatheduc/documents/rc_con_ccatheduc_doc_20070908_educareinsieme_en.html, 2007.
  • Siljander, Pauli - Kivela, Ari - Sutinen, Ari. Theories of Bildung and Growth. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2012.
  • Skeie, Geir. “Plurality and Pluralism in Religious Education”. International Handbook of the Religious, Moral and Spiritual Dimensions in Education 1. Ed. M. de Souza - G. Durka - K. Engebretson - R. Jackson - A. McGrady. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media, 2006.
  • Sorkin, David. “Wilhelm von Humboldt: the Theory and Practice of Self-Formation (Bildung), 1791–1810”. Journal of the History of Ideas 44/1 (Ocak-Mart 1983): 55-73.
  • Soysal, Deniz. “İnsan Bilimlerinde Bildung Kavramının Yeri”. www.flsfdergisi.com, ss. 117-122. (Erişim tarihi: 06.03. 2019).
  • Şahin, İsmet. “Hümanizm ve Eğitim”. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi www.e-sosder.com. 3/11 (2005): 47-55. (Erişim tarihi: 10.09.2019).
  • Tosun, Cemal. Din Eğitimi Bilimine Giriş. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları, 2012.
  • Tröhler, Daniel. “The Grand Narratives of Modernity and the Modern Self: The Protestant Idea of the Soul and the Educationalization of the World”. Education Latters of Queen’s University. Canada 2016.
  • Tyson, Ruhi. “What Would Humboldt Say: A Case of General Bildung in Vocational Education?”. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training (IJRVET) 3/3 (Aralık 2016): 233-249.
  • Vassiliadis, Petros - Kasseluri, Eleni - Kalaitzidiz, Pantelis. “Theological Education in Orthodox Churches Theological Education in the Orthodox World”. Handbook of Theological Education in World Christanity: Theological Perspectives – Regional Surveys – Ecumenical Trends. Ed. D. Werner - D. Esterline - N. Kang - J. Raja. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2010.
  • Wittrock, Björn. “The Modern University: The Three Transformations”. In The European and American University Since 1800: Historical and Sociological Essays. Ed. Sheldon Rothblatt and Björn Wittrock. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • World Data on Education 2006/2007 Germany. www.eurydice.org. (Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2019).

A Neo-Humanist Ideal in Religious Education: The Bildung Model and its Effects on the Understanding of Religious Education in Germany

Year 2019, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 323 - 355, 31.12.2019

Ramazan Gürel

https://doi.org/10.33420/marife.541465

Abstract

In addition to the efforts to adapt to contemporary developments in the determination of the perspectives and policies of the countries regarding religious education, the effect of certain determinants such as traditional knowledge, cultural values, historical background of the debates on education cannot be denied. As in different periods of history, Germany is still one of the most important countries where the debates on education and religious education remain up to date. The main characteristics of the German philosophy and understanding of education are determined in the light of a humanist ideal called Bildung and representing Christian theology and humanist understanding. Bildung, which is a concept in which the Romanticism philosophy has emerged, created a wide range of influence from the shaping of religious education to the establishment of the curriculum in addition to all the practices related to education in contemporary Germany. Bildung ideal, which envisages to go beyond the oppressive and dogmatic thought structure of the church which is dominant in the Middle Ages, represents an approach which promises to mobilize all the potentials of the individual. In this study, first of all, the conceptual framework of the word Bildung will be emphasized, and then how the Bildung concept becomes an educational ideal and which names contribute to this process will be presented chronologically. The article will focus mainly on the effects of Bildung concept on religious education in Germany. As a result of the study carried out based on the literature review method, the effects of Bildung ideal on the understanding of religious education in Germany will be revealed.

Keywords

Religious Education Bildung Germany Humanism Church

References

  • Açık, Tansu. “19.yy, Bildung Çağı?”. Paylaşımlar, Üniversite, Bilgi, Üretim. Der. B. Mücen et Alias. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2016.
  • Asutay, Hikmet. “Oluşum Romanı Geleneği ile Günümüzdeki İzleri Üzerine”. Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken /Journal of World of Turks- 4/2 (2012): 27-36.
  • Bahçekapılı, Mehmet. “Din Eğitiminde Pedagojik Yaklaşımlar; “Din Hakkında Öğrenme” ve “Dinden Öğrenme”. Islamic University of Europa Journal of Islamic Research - İslam Araştırmaları 4/2 (2011): 101-120.
  • Basics of Religious Education. Ed. Martin Rothgangel, Thomas Schlag and Friedrich Schweitzer. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014.
  • Başkurt, İrfan. “Almanya’da Din Eğitimi”. Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Çalışma Toplantısı. İstanbul: DEM Yayınları, 2004.
  • Beutner, Mark - Pechuel, Rasmus. “Education and Educational Policy in Germany, A Focus on Core Developments Since 1944”. Italian Journal of Sociology of Education 9/2 (Haziran 2017): 9-24.
  • Bloomquist, Karen L. - Sinaga, Martin L. “Theological Education in Lutheran Churches”. Handbook of Theological Education in World Christanity: Theological Perspectives – Regional Surveys – Ecumenical Trends. Ed. D. Werner, D. Esterline, N. Kang & J. Raja. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2010.
  • Bolay, Süleyman Hayri - Türköne, Mümtazer. Din Eğitimi Raporu. Ankara: y.y. 1995.
  • Bröckling, Ulrich. “Gendering the Enterprising Self. Subjectification Programs and Gender Differences in Guides to Success”. Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory 6/2 (2005): 7-25.
  • Cevizci, Ahmet. Eğitim Sözlüğü. Ankara: Say Yayınları, 2010.
  • Cevizci, Ahmet. Paradigma Felsefe Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayıncılık, 2010.
  • Commission. “Bildung in a Lifeolng Learning Perpspective”. Report of the Seminar of the European Network of Education Councils, Budapest: 2011.
  • Coşkun, Hasan. Kültürlerarası Eğitim -Türkiye ve Almanya Örneği-. Ankara: Ofset Fotomat, 2016.
  • Danner, Helmut. “Bildung a Basic Term of German Education”. Educational Sciences. Cairo: 1994.
  • https://www.deutschland.de/tr/node/5197. (Erişim tarihi: 21.19.2019).
  • Doğan, Recai. “Avrupa Birliği Sürecinde Dinî Kurumlar ve Din Eğitimi: Almanya Modeli”. AÜİFD 49/2 (2008): 1-43.
  • http://europa.eu/constitution/en/ptoc1_en.htm.
  • Fuhr, Thomas. “Bildung”. Transformative Learning Meets Bildung: Introduction. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2017.
  • Fuhr, Thomas - Laros, Anna. - Edward W. Taylor. “Introduction, Why Compare Bildung and Transformative Learning?”. Transformative Learning Meets Bildung. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2017.
  • Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. London: Continuum Publishing Group, 2004.
  • Gottfried, Adam - Rainer, Lachmann, “Reasons for Religious Education in Public Schools”. Basics of Religious Education. Ed. Martin Rothgangel - Thomas Schlag - Friedrich Schweitzer, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck - Ruprecht, 2014.
  • Grueter, Verena - Trott, Maureen. “International Partnership and Theological Education in the Assocation of Protestant Churches and Missions in Germany (EMW)”. Handbook of Theological Education in World Christianity, Theological Perspectives – Regional Surveys – Ecumenical Trends. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2010.
  • Heidth, Irene. “Exploring the Historical Dimensions of Bildung and Its Metamorphosis in the Context of Globalization”. L2 Journal 7/4 (2015): 2-16.
  • Hermans, Chiris. “Good Education, the Good Teacher, and a Practical Art of Living a Good Life: a Catholic Perspective”. Journal of Beliefs & Values Studies in Religion Education 38/1 (Şubat 2017): 77-88.
  • Horlacher, Rebekka. “Bildung – a Construction of a History of Philosophy of Education”. Studies in Philosophy and Education 23 (2004): 409-426.
  • M. Hull, John. “Çoğulcu Avrupa’da Pratik Teoloji ve Din Eğitimi”. Trc. Cemil Oruç, Dinbilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi 12/3 (2012): 224-242.
  • Humboldt, Wilhelm Won. Theory of Bildung. Trc. Gillian Horton-Kruger. Darmstadt: 1969.
  • Korczynski, Bronek. “A Spirituality of Catholic Education –Seeing Differently”. Education Latters of Queen’s University. Canada: 2016.
  • Köylü, Mustafa. “Batı Ülkelerinde Din Eğitimi: Genel Bir Bakış, MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6/4 (2017): 223-245.
  • Kwiek, Marek. “The Classical German Idea of the University Revisited or on the Nationalization of the Modern Institution”. CPP Research Papers Series, 1. Poznan: 2006.
  • Liedman, Sven-Eric. “In search of Isis: General education in Germany and Sweden”. In The European and American University Since 1800: Historical and Sociological Essays. Eds. Sheldon Rothblatt and Björn Wittrock. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • Lohmar, Brigitte - Eckhardt, Thomas. The Education System in the Federal Republic of Germany 2012/2013. Bonn: KMK, 2014.
  • Medeni, Elif. “Din Eğitiminde Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Yeterlilik Modelleri ve Eğitim Standartları -Almanya ve Avusturya Örneğinin Türkiye’ye Uyarlanabilirliği-”. Marife 13/2 (2013): 9-22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3344430.
  • Nipkow, Karl Ernst. “Foundational Questions in the Pedagogy of Religion”. Societal Challenges and Theoretical Notions 1 (1975): 173-177.
  • Nordenbo, Sven Erik. “Bildung and the Thinking of Bildung”. Educating Humanity: Bildung in Postmodernity. Der. Lars Lovlie, Klaus Peter Mortensen, ve Sven Erik Nordenbo. Cornwall: Blackwell, 2003.
  • Oelkers, Jürgen. “The German Concept of Bildung Then and Now”. European College of Liberal Arts. 1-21. Berlin: 2011.
  • Okumuşlar, Muhiddin. “Çok Kültürlü Toplumlarda “Din Hakkında Öğrenme” ve “Dinden Öğrenme” Modeli”. Marife 7/2 (2007): 251-264. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3343851.
  • Önsöz, Z. Salih. “Hristiyan-Alman Okullarında Müslüman Türk Çocuklarının Din Eğitimi ve Öğretimi”. Diyanet Dergisi 19/18 (Ocak-Şubat-Mart 1983): 50-53.
  • Östling, Johan. Humdoldt and the Modern German Universty -An Intellectual History-. Trc. Lena Olsson. Sweden: Lund University Press, 2018.
  • Pikkarainen, Eetu. “Signs of Reality: The Idea of General Bildung by J. A. Comenius”. Theories of Bildung and Growth. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2012.
  • Sarkar, Prabhat Ranjan. The Liberation of Intellect: Neohumanism. Kolkata: Ananda Marga Publications, 1982.
  • SCCE (Sacred Congregation for Catholic Education). Education Together in Catholic Schools: A Shared Mission between Consecrated Persons and the Lay Faithful. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccatheduc/documents/rc_con_ccatheduc_doc_20070908_educareinsieme_en.html, 2007.
  • Siljander, Pauli - Kivela, Ari - Sutinen, Ari. Theories of Bildung and Growth. Roterdam: Sense Publishers, 2012.
  • Skeie, Geir. “Plurality and Pluralism in Religious Education”. International Handbook of the Religious, Moral and Spiritual Dimensions in Education 1. Ed. M. de Souza - G. Durka - K. Engebretson - R. Jackson - A. McGrady. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media, 2006.
  • Sorkin, David. “Wilhelm von Humboldt: the Theory and Practice of Self-Formation (Bildung), 1791–1810”. Journal of the History of Ideas 44/1 (Ocak-Mart 1983): 55-73.
  • Soysal, Deniz. “İnsan Bilimlerinde Bildung Kavramının Yeri”. www.flsfdergisi.com, ss. 117-122. (Erişim tarihi: 06.03. 2019).
  • Şahin, İsmet. “Hümanizm ve Eğitim”. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi www.e-sosder.com. 3/11 (2005): 47-55. (Erişim tarihi: 10.09.2019).
  • Tosun, Cemal. Din Eğitimi Bilimine Giriş. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları, 2012.
  • Tröhler, Daniel. “The Grand Narratives of Modernity and the Modern Self: The Protestant Idea of the Soul and the Educationalization of the World”. Education Latters of Queen’s University. Canada 2016.
  • Tyson, Ruhi. “What Would Humboldt Say: A Case of General Bildung in Vocational Education?”. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training (IJRVET) 3/3 (Aralık 2016): 233-249.
  • Vassiliadis, Petros - Kasseluri, Eleni - Kalaitzidiz, Pantelis. “Theological Education in Orthodox Churches Theological Education in the Orthodox World”. Handbook of Theological Education in World Christanity: Theological Perspectives – Regional Surveys – Ecumenical Trends. Ed. D. Werner - D. Esterline - N. Kang - J. Raja. Oxford: Regnum Books International, 2010.
  • Wittrock, Björn. “The Modern University: The Three Transformations”. In The European and American University Since 1800: Historical and Sociological Essays. Ed. Sheldon Rothblatt and Björn Wittrock. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • World Data on Education 2006/2007 Germany. www.eurydice.org. (Erişim tarihi: 15.02.2019).
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Religious Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ramazan Gürel 0000-0001-9066-9098

Publication Date December 31, 2019
Acceptance Date November 11, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019Volume: 19 Issue: 2

Cite

ISNAD Gürel, Ramazan. “Din Eğitiminde Neo-Hümanist Bir İdeal: Bildung Modeli Ve Almanya’da Din Eğitimi Anlayışına Etkileri”. Marife Dini Araştırmalar Dergisi 19/2 (December 2019), 323-355. https://doi.org/10.33420/marife.541465.
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