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Reduplications in Arabic Language in the Context of Ibn Fāris’s Work Named al-Itbāʿ va’l-Muzâvaca
Abstract
The history of the language used by humans as a means of expressing their desires and wishes, goals and aspirations, ideas and dreams is as old and ancient as the history of humanity. Undoubtedly, one of the oldest languages in human history is Arabic. Apart from its biggest function being a means of communication, Arabic has sub-disciplines and branches as a science, just like other languages. With the advent of Islam, scholars showed great interest in Arabic, which gained the status of being the language of a sacred book, and in the sciences developed related to it. Among these scholars is Ibn Fāris, who became famous by working mostly in the field of Arabic lexicography. Ibn Fāris, known for his belonging to the Kufa language school, wrote two important dictionaries as well as various works in the fields of fiqh al-lugha, syntax, grammar, poetry, literature and rhetoric.
One of the topics that attracted the attention of scholars dealing with the Arabic language and on which various works were written is the subjects of itbāʿ and muzâvaca, which can be considered as reduplications in the Arabic language. Although scholars have attempted to define and describe the concepts separately, it cannot be said that they have been able to determine clear lines between these concepts. However, in their works on the subject, they tried to show the similarities and differences between the concepts and to reinforce the subject with examples. In addition, while talking about the concepts of itbāʿ and muzâvaca, they used the terms tābiʿ and matbūʿ, which constitute the two sides of each. That's why their opinions about the concepts of itbāʿ and muzâvaca are shaped around these two sides (tābiʿ and matbūʿ). It is also observed that, despite the disagreements and discussions on the nature of the concepts, the majority of scholars draw attention to the aspect of these styles adding confirmation and emphasis to the statement.
Many independent works have been written on the concepts of itbāʿ and muzâvaca, which are of great importance because they add coherence and strength to Arabic language. Ibn Fāris, one of the great actors who lived in the IV/X century which witnessed important developments in the Arabic language, is one of the scholars who discovered the importance of these concepts in the language and wrote an independent work. This work of his consists of alphabetically listing the compositions created by using two words in the same rhyme and meter to reinforce the meaning and give coherence to the expression. In other words, the work functions as a dictionary of reduplications and reveals how Ibn Fāris broke new ground in the field of Arabic lexicography with various works. In this work, the structures within the scope of itbāʿ and muzâvaca are conveyed together with the hadiths, sawahid, proverbs, idioms, sayings, poems and proses in which they are mentioned, instead of being presented in a simple and disconnected manner. This was one of the elements that enriched this work.
In this study, before moving on to the concepts of itbāʿ and muzâvaca, Ibn Fāris’s life, scientific personality and works are mentioned. In this context, Ibn Faris's versatile and powerful personality has been tried to be conveyed concisely and a selection of his most important works has been given. Then, the conceptual framework of itbāʿ and muzâvaca which forms the basis of the study, was drawn and the disputes on this issue were touched upon. In the following part of the study, after mentioning the independent works written in this field, Ibn Fāris’s work on the subject is introduced and some important information about its tahkīks is mentioned. In addition, some of the issues taken into consideration by the muhakkik of the print based on this study and the methods he followed during the tahkīk process are specifically explained. In the last part of the study, the main examples of itbāʿ and muzâvaca, mentioned by Ibn Fāris in his work are selected and presented to the reader.
Keywords
Kaynakça
- Brockelmann, Carl. Târîhu’l-edebi’l-Arabî. çev. Abdulhalîm en-Neccâr. Kahire: Dâru’l-Maârif, 1956.
- Cevherî, İsmâîl b. Hammâd. es-Sıhâh. thk. Şihâbuddin Ebû Amr. Beyrut, 1998.
- Enbârî, Ebu’l-Berekât Kemâluddîn. Nuzhetü’l-elibbâ’ fî tabakâti’l-udebâ’. thk. Mu-hammed Ebu’l-Fadl İbrâhim. Kahire, 1967.
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- İbn Fâris, Ebu’l-Huseyn Ahmed. el-İtbâ‘ ve’l-muzâvece. thk. Kemâl Mustafa. Kahire, 1947.
- İbn Fâris, Ebu’l-Huseyn Ahmed. el-İtbâ‘ ve’l-muzâvece. thk. Muhammed Edip Abdulvâhid Cemrân. Şam, 1995.
- İbn Fâris, Ebu’l-Huseyn Ahmed. es-Sâhibî fî fıḳhi’l-luġa. thk. Mustafa Şuveymî. Beyrut: el-Mektebetu’L-Lugaviyyetu’l-’Âlemiyye, 1963.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
Arap Dili ve Belagatı
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Fatih Yavaş
*
0000-0002-1298-4532
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
30 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi
12 Eylül 2023
Kabul Tarihi
14 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 1970 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2